Rogerian Argument Essay Example for Free

Rogerian Argument Essay The poem â€Å"Sex Without Love† by Sharon Olds is as controversial as the topic itself. The author describing the phenomenon that has become pervasive in modern life could not refrain from taking a stand on the issue, and this position can be either supported or refuted by the audience. When so many people are motivated by the contemporary American culture to engage in sexual intercourse without the trappings of love or even simple emotional attachment, it is interesting to review the poem dedicated to this situation and sort out issues covered in it. Doing so will help one tread with more confidence in the complex realm of human communication. Besides, it is even more interesting since Olds is the kind of poet who does not shun provocative topics and is not afraid to show her intimate life to the public. In analyzing the poem, we will try to understand whether Olds’ poem is a humanistic glorification of the body or a disgusting description that satisfies bad tastes. The latter view of Olds’ poetry is taken by William Logan. In his article â€Å"No Mercy† published in the journal New Criterion in December 1999, he indeed takes no mercy on Sharon Olds’ works and their artistic value. Perhaps the only positive trait Logan finds about Olds’ poetry is its spontaneity and unexpectedness of the next line that in itself should be applauded in the world of literature. However, Logan is disgusted by the sensual images that constantly surface in the poems and repel him with their openness. Therefore, he states that reading through Olds’ â€Å"hell-for-leather hubris you never know whats coming next, but youre sure its going to be a disaster† (Logan 1999:60). In short, Logan believes her work to be â€Å"shameless prose chopped up into lines of poetry, lurid as a tabloid† (Logan 1999:60). As such, he sees Olds’ work as a response to the society in our times constantly demanding from poets more descriptions of sexual lurid scenes, empty of any meaningful human emotions, and Olds is a vivid example of this trend. However, Logan takes care to dismantle the value of the poetess’ work on the grounds on which she seems to him to advance – the radicalism in the portrayal of sexual scenes. Olds to Logan ism despite her attempts to pass herself as a radical, â€Å"a homely Redbook moralist, believing in motherhood, family, and honey on her nipples† (Logan 1999:60). Thus, this view of Olds’ poetry proclaims her tasteless and lacking radicalism, totally denigrating her work and making it look worthless. There is, however, a different perception of Olds’ poetry, and in particular the poem â€Å"Sex Without Love†. To me, in particular, this poem presents an image that is rich in imagery, metaphors, and perceptive comparisons. This imagery comes out in comparisons that liken the participants of the act in turn to dancers, ice-skaters, and children at birth. The latter, true, is a somewhat brutal simile, but it is so to only some people who think that newborns are not particularly good-looking, while to others a newborn is as beautiful as anybody, being part of the life cycle. The first two comparisons, â€Å"beautiful as dancers† and â€Å"gliding over each other like ice-skaters† seem suitable for any taste, reinforcing the opinion that sexual intercourse, like any natural human action, is not disgusting, but beautiful and elegant (Olds). The poem also introduces an interesting perception of sexual intercourse, interpreting it in its own terms. It is unusual to someone who was brought up with the conviction that sex is pure and acceptable only when it is justified by love and preferably by marriage. In our society, love at one point came to serve as a convenient way to justify why people had sex outside of marriage. Therefore, with time it became almost as sacred as marriage itself. Olds takes love off its pedestal and proclaims that those who choose to have sex without it are â€Å"the true religious, the purists, the pros† (Olds). Those are the people who will not accept a false Messiah, love the priest instead of the God. They do not mistake the lover for their own pleasure (Olds). It seems that in this context sex for its own sake becomes the new norm, and love is something like a deviation from this norm. Many people can dispute this perception, but it is certain that each person can have one’s own viewpoint on these matters. In any case, the fact that Olds raises the issue and supports it with bright poetic images makes this poem worth attention. The value of Sharon Olds’ poem is also appreciated in the Free-written Comprehension of Sex Without Love available from the Richard Stockton College of NJ website. Also noting the strong imagery of the poem, the writer also adds that â€Å"the images are here not for enjoyment, but rather to exhibit the reality of the action† (Richard Stockton College). Besides, the interpretation also emphasizes the fact that, like in many pieces of poetry, Olds does not draw the ready-made conclusion that she wants the reader to follow. In fact, she allows several explanations and has the reader make the guessing on his or her own. So is Sharon Olds a lurid author who enjoys portraying sexual scenes with all the possible details or a philosopher who introduces a new opinion, supported with adequate imagery? It feels that the answer can lie somewhere in between. Returning to the denigrating opinion stated by William Logan in his article, one can see that this argument covers the whole poetry. â€Å"Sex Without Love†, compared to other poems by Olds, is relatively more Puritan in its imagery and does not use many shocking details. The emphasis is on the process as a whole, and the author uses broad metaphorical images like ice-skaters or runners to convey broader similarities. Abstaining from talking about details like her labia or other body parts that she mentions in other poems, Olds appears more appealing to a broad audience of people with different backgrounds and views, many of whom may be alienated by more naturalistic images. By the way, talking about the imagery in Olds’ poetry, Logan admits that â€Å"Aristotle would have loved her metaphors, her anatomy lessons† (Logan 1999:60). In â€Å"Sex Without Love†, Olds is at her best with building her imagery that serves to convey her message. Her images become a powerful tool for showing the event from new and new angles, creating the effect of unexpectedness noted by Logan. Most interestingly, there is a viewpoint supported by Free-written Comprehension of Sex Without Love and differing from my initial perceptions: that in the poem, Olds does not at all support the idea of meaningless, thoughtless sex without emotions, and that in fact she is disgusted by it as much as her more conservative audience. The latter view is grounded in the final part of the poem where Olds compares her lovers to runners: they are like great runners: they know they are alone with the road surface, the cold, the wind, the fit of their shoes, their over-all cardio- vascular healthjust factors, like the partner in the bed, and not the truth, which is the single body alone in the universe against its own best time. (Olds) It can be claimed that â€Å"stating that the people in bed together are just meager factors of life strongly indicates that there is distaste for sex without love† (Richard Stockton College). Speaking of cardio-vascular health as one of the factors, Olds expresses her sadness over such act of love that does not include any emotional attachment between the two. Even though on the surface, she claims that she admires sex without love, in fact she is repelled by it, as shown in her images. After deliberation, I agree that Olds’ poem should perhaps be read in a different sense – disputing the value and attraction of sex without emotion. Using this time less naturalistic images, Olds displays her strengths with metaphors by creating an unforgettable picture of the two runners rushing along a meaningless path of factors. In this poem, she may not be savoring the details of lurid sexual pictures. Instead, Olds puts in her poem a deep spiritual meaning that reiterates the old human value of love, attachment, and care. In this sense, she may indeed by lacking radicalism, but instead of this she professes values close to many in her audience. Works Cited Logan, William. â€Å"No Mercy.† New Criterion 18.4 (December 1999): 60. Olds, Sharon. Sex Without Love. 24 June 2002. 17 April 2006 http://plagiarist.com/poetry/4922. Richard Stockton College of New Jersey. Free-written Comprehension of Sex Without Love. 17 April 2006 http:///thebalance/stories/storyReader$9.

Puritan History :: essays research papers

in the 17th century some Puritan groups separated from the Church of England. Among these were the Pilgrims, who in 1620 founded Plymouth Colony. Ten years later, under the auspices of the Massachusetts Bay Company, the first major Puritan migration to New England took place. The Puritans brought strong religious impulses to bear in all colonies north of Virginia, but New England was their stronghold, and the Congregationalist churches established there were able to perpetuate their viewpoint about a Christian society for more than 200 years. Richard Mather and John Cotton provided clerical leadership in the dominant Puritan colony planted on Massachusetts Bay. Thomas Hooker was an example of those who settled new areas farther west according to traditional Puritan standards. Even though he broke with the authorities of the Massachusetts colony over questions of religious freedom, Roger Williams was also a true Puritan in his zeal for personal godliness and doctrinal correctness. Most of these men held ideas in the mainstream of Calvinistic thought. In addition to believing in the absolute sovereignty of God, the total depravity of man, and the complete dependence of human beings on divine grace for salvation, they stressed the importance of personal religious experience. These Puritans insisted that they, as God's elect, had the duty to direct national affairs according to God's will as revealed in the Bible. This union of church and state to form a holy commonwealth gave Puritanism direct and exclusive control over most colonial activity until commercial and political changes forced them to relinquish it at the end of the 17th century. Because of its diffuse nature, when Puritanism began to decline in America is difficult to say. Some would hold that it lost its influence in New England by the early 18th century, but Jonathan Edwards and his able disciple Samuel Hopkins revived Puritan thought and kept it alive until 1800. Others would point to the gradual decline in power of Congregationalism, but Presbyterians under the leadership of Jonathan Dickinson and Baptists led by the example of Isaac Backus (1724 - 1806) revitalized Puritan ideals in several denominational forms through the 18th century.

General Epistles Essay

Apparently, the first-century Jewish Christians were having a difficult time in knowing what true religion was. Hence the need for James to pen the following verse; â€Å"Pure, unspoilt religion, in the eyes of God our Father, is this: coming to the help of orphans and widows in their hardships, and keeping oneself uncontaminated by the world† (James 1:27, NJB, 1990). â€Å"Religion is normally understood in terms of cultic obligations, but James has a burning ethical, prophetic interpretation of pure religion† (Painter, J., 2006). True Faith: â€Å"Listen, my dear brothers and sisters: Has not God chosen those who are poor in the eyes of the world to be rich in faith and to inherit the kingdom he promised those who love him?† (James 2:5, NIV) In showing favoritism people judge those who they deem as less valuable by their standards. True Wisdom: In James 3:13-18, James contrasts the wisdom of the world with Godly wisdom. He states that, worldly wisdom, i.e. bitterness, envy and selfish ambition, comes from the enemy. Where on the other hand, Godly wisdom is this, is first â€Å"†¦pure, then peace-loving, considerate, submissive, full of mercy, and good fruit, impartial and sincere† (James 3:13-18). 1 and 2 Peter Christian Behavior in Suffering: â€Å"Beloved, I implore you as aliens and strangers and exiles [in this world] to abstain from the sensual urges (the evil desires, the passions of the flesh, your lower nature) that wage war against the soul† (1 Peter 2:11, 1987, Amp). By using Christ as the example, Peter, taught the Jewish Christian how to live their lives in the middle of suffering. Danger to Growing Christians: Peter warns the believers of false teachers who would come into their presence and speak lies and devastating heresies. He goes on to say, â€Å"They will be paid back with harm for the harm they have done. Their idea of pleasure is to carouse in broad daylight. They are blots and blemishes, reveling in their pleasures while they feast with you† (2 Peter 2:13) 1, 2, and 3 John Admonition against Antichrists: In 1 John 2:19-26, John admonishes the Gentiles congregations to, â€Å"See that what you have heard from the beginning remains in you. If it does, you also will remain in the Son and in the Father† (1 John 2:24). John knew that, as long as individuals stay in Christ and do not shrink back, they will see the â€Å"Day of Christ† with much joy. Pride: Diotrephes had fallen into pride by loving himself above all others, refusing to welcome other brothers in the Lord, and he would have nothing to do with the brothers. He was also a, gossip, and stopped those who wanted to do what is right and just. (3 John 9-10) Jude Danger of False Teachers: Because certain individuals whose judgment was written about long ago had covertly snuck in among the church, Jude â€Å"†¦felt compelled to write and urge you to contend for the faith that was once for all entrusted to God’s holy people† (Jude 3, 4). Responsibility to Fight for Faith: â€Å"But you, dear friends, by building yourselves up in your most holy faith and praying in the Holy Spirit, keep yourselves in God’s love as you wait for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ to bring you to eternal life† (Jude 20-21). References Callahan, A. D., 2009, Babylon boycott: The Book of Revelation, Retrieved, March 27, 2011, from: http://web.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=3&hid=104&sid=82d03de1-65f2-4e8e-8c4d-3a8793c9a0fb%40sessionmgr113 Life Application Study Bible New International Version, 2005, New Testament notes and Bible helps, 1986, Copublished by: Tyndale House Publishers Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188, USA, Zondervan, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49506, USA Niswonger, R. L., 1988, New Testament history, Zondervan Publishing House, Grand Rapids Michigan 49530 Painter, J., 2006, James as the First Catholic Epistle, Retrieved, March 26, 2011, from: http://web.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=5&hid=104&sid=39154ae2-54ba-4ba8-9761-087a07496117%40sessionmgr112

Cultural Competence Self Assessment Revealed - 900 Words

To begin, the cultural competence self-assessment revealed that with a low score of three out of twelve that I am not very ethnocentric. I don’t believe my culture and my beliefs are most important than another person’s. I think of myself as a normal young-adult trying to live her life, get good grades and work hard. When meeting or interacting with new people I don’t judge them based on their appearance and I treat everyone with the respect that they deserve by viewing them simply as another human being trying to live their day to day life. Although, when obtaining the score of five out of eleven for the for the universalism scale, I found myself to be closer to the mid-range area. This result indicates that I possess some universal assumptions of other cultures. I found this result slightly surprising and unexpected because I don’t believe that everyone associated to a certain group (religious, social-class, etc.) are all the same. For example, when refl ecting on my own religion, being raise in a catholic family, attending church at a young age and going to catholic school, I do see similarities in terms of values and morals with others that share the same beliefs as me, but I also see differences. One stereotypical association with Catholics is that they all think that being homosexual, attraction to the same gender, is a sin according to the Bible. However, being a supporter of the LGBT community myself, I do think differently than other Catholics and for that reason IShow MoreRelatedReview For Enhancing Cultural Competency1559 Words   |  7 PagesANALYSIS OF REVIEW FOR ENHANCING CULTURAL COMPETENCY IN NEW NURSING GRADUATES Cultural competency is an indispensable in nursing practice so that nurses can deliver optimal care for patients from diverse cultural backgrounds. Therefore, insufficient knowledge and skills of cultural competency have continued to increase racial and ethnic inequalities in health care service for minority groups (Dunagan et al. 2013; Long, 2012). As nurses interact with clients they provide nursing care, educationRead MoreAmerican Indian Behavioral Health Assessment Instruments4140 Words   |  17 PagesBehavioral Health Assessment Instruments Dee Manatowa University of New England Abstract Mental and behavioral health agencies who service American Indians should employ a culturally relevant approach. Cultural-specificity is essential for understanding beliefs, values, and first language colloquial speech. Cultural-specific assessment information can enhance our understanding of the client’s symptoms and the need for other appropriate evaluation techniques. Client assessment practice withinRead MoreA New Team Of Global Employees1257 Words   |  6 Pagesfind cultural holes associated with this team. There will be an explanation of how my style of leadership, and techniques will be persuaded by the social ethnicity and multiplicity of the team. There will be an explanation of how the social ethnicity of the team will likely persuade job outcomes and efficiency of the team. There will be an explanation of how the social ethnicity and differences of employees in the group will persuade a better business culture. Available Cultural Assessment ToolsRead MoreThe Self Assessment Questionnaire Revealed1658 Words   |  7 PagesThe self-assessment questionnaire revealed a lot about my outlook and my understanding towards different cultures. This first section of questions was based on ethnocentrism, which is described as being â€Å"ignorant of the relation of culture to behavior and self, lacking competency in understanding cross-cultural issues, and lacking appreciation of the effects of historical and contemporary racism† (Winkelman, 2009). My answers scored a value of 2 on a range from 0-12, where 0 is described as normalRead MoreThe Current Rate Of Growth Minorities1178 Words   |  5 PagesData from the 2010 census has shown that collections of people normally grouped as minorities are now the majority in many local markets and even states. The U.S. state Department has revealed that at the current rate of growth minorities will be the majority by 2042. These results are probably a surprise to no one. From popular music to television, media is now rife with diversity. Racism is now an outdated term and ideology. USA has become one big melting pot of cultures and this effects all industriesRead MoreA Letter From District Administrator1569 Words   |  7 PagesThrough our commitment, we have formed a Strategic Diversity Planning team that consists of district and school administrators. The team reflected on the district mission, vision, student demographics, and performance data. Our extensive reflection revealed the need for improvement in educating each student. In response to the change in our student population and performance, the planning team volunteered countless hours of their time to create this Strategic Diversity Plan. This strategic plan willRead MoreConscious Capitalism : The Key Components Of Conscious Leadership1108 Words   |  5 Pages conservation, equality, and respect (Mackey and Sisodia, 2013). The aim of this paper is to examine this type of leadership by comparing it to other models, illustrating the key components of conscious leadership. This will be followed by a self-assessment where the values of the author will be compared to the principles of conscious leadership, acknowledging the traits that are aligned, and in juxtaposition of such a leadership theory. Conscious Capitalism: The Key Elements. According to AndersonRead MoreA Discussion Of Conscious Leadership1180 Words   |  5 Pagesof conscious leadership, I present leadership theories. I emphasize the role that emotional intelligence plays in conscious leadership. A summary of a series of assessments and an analysis of the results highlights the values, attitudes, behaviors and approaches I have within groups and the organization. More importantly, the assessments and discussion on conscious leadership serves as direction to be an effective leader. Conscious leaders are aware of the world around them. The main characteristicRead MoreCultural Intelligence1554 Words   |  7 PagesCultural Intelligence Cultural Quotient is the organizational psychology and management theory, and it is all about the continuous learning and aptitude to develop personally through this learning. The differences in the intercultural do remains in the momentous challenge stage in all multinational organizations. Hence to face the challenge there is a need of a new domain of astuteness which immense relevance to the era of escalating globalization and the workplace diverse. For every manager whoRead MoreJoe Marelli. Psy 230 ¬Ã‚ ¬ - Spring 2017 - Paper Assignment,1004 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Question. This article sought to explore the societal relationship between women’s natural attachment to nature (by way of their reproductive characteristics) and its effect on not only others perception of them, but also the individual’s self-perception. The main hypothesis proposed in this study is directional. Furthermore, it questions if when either gender is prompted by something that remin ds them of a women’s connection to nature, they will devalue, objectify, and distance themselves

Why Business Law Is Contracts - 2328 Words

There are a broad range of categories and topics when it comes to the laws of business. One of the main topics that we encounter when studying business law is contracts. According to our text, â€Å"A contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more people.† (Rogers, 2012). As adults contract laws are something we should engage in learning about because it is likely we will enter into one at some point in our adult lives. Business law will also help us identify the several different types of contracts and the steps that both parties must follow before any contract can be legal. There are many different types of contracts an individual can consider. These include expressed, implied, bilateral, unilateral, simple, formal and quasi contracts. According to Rogers, 2012 express contracts are â€Å"formed by the express language of the parties—the actual words they use in their agreement—and can be either written or oral.† Express contracts do not have to be in writing and contain the offer, acceptance and consideration elements of a contract. These contracts are normally compared to implied contracts. Rogers, 2012 states that implied contacts are â€Å"formed not by the express words of the parties, but rather by their actions.† With these contracts the agreement is implied by actions. There are no expressed words within an implied contract and can be either implied in fact or in law. If the contract results in inequity or harm it will not be implied. If there isShow MoreRelatedWhy Law Has A Bigger Impact On Business Than Contract Law1826 Words   |  8 PagesFew areas of law have a bigger impact on business than contract law. When people conduct commerce of any kind they generally want to have legal protection to ensure that the other party will deliver, that’s where contracts come in. First we will discuss the elements of a contract, and why contracts are important in business. Then, court cases will be examined to display the importance of the elements of a contract. Finally we will discuss why the layman has a general fear of contracts, and some remediesRead M oreEssay on Why Are Quasi-Contracts Needed?638 Words   |  3 PagesBAM 521 –Business Law Unit Two – Question # 3 3/16/2012 Question #3: Why are quasi-contracts needed? Why is it not better to just say that unless parties express or impliedly make a contract, there is no deal? The term quasi-contract is a more accurate designation of contracts implied in law. Implied contracts are as binding as express contracts. An implied contract depends on substance for its existence. Therefore, for an implied contract to arise, there must be some act or conduct of aRead MoreBus 311 Business Law Entire Course Material1611 Words   |  7 PagesBUS 311 Business Law Entire Course Material Follow the link below to purchase http://www.homeworkarena.com/bus-311-business-law-entire-course-material    Visit Website: http://www.homeworkarena.com/ Please contact us for more Tutorial amp; Help (climaxbegin@gmail.com) BUS 311 Week 1 DQ 1 Applying the Law to a Set of Facts    Applying the Law to a Set of Facts.  Read the Hypothetical Case Problem #1 at the end of Chapter 1 and respond to these questions 1. If Javier sued Energy-AutoRead MoreBusiness Entities Essay1297 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Business Entities Jessica Perez BUS 311 Business Law Instructor: Janet Fiorentino 12/1/2014 As the manager of Acme Fireworks, I need to gather information to help the owner determine whether or not he should continue to be a sole proprietorship or if he should switch to another business entity. I will help him do so by explaining each entity and how they relate to his business situation. I am the manager of Acme Fireworks, a fireworks retailer who sells fireworks, puts on ground displayRead MoreBusiness Ethics and the Role of the Corporation Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness Ethics and the Role of the Corporation The problem to be investigated is the ethical role that the corporation has when balancing internal strategies with external responsibilities. Dr. Novak explains various responsibilities a business has in his article â€Å"Business Ethics and the Role of the Corporation†. This paper will first discuss why Dr. Novak has two sets of responsibilities in his article on business ethics. Next it will explain what Dr. Novak says about the rule of law andRead MoreAn Introduction With A Thesis Statement1064 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment D. Josh Rhoderick BUS311: Business Law I Instructor: Daniel Malvin Nov 30th , 2015 Final Paper Proposal: Develop an introduction with a thesis statement for the Final Paper: I have been tasked with figuring out if contracts with several large businesses will be governed by common law or the Uniform Commercial Code. Analyze with the owner formed a contract with the businesses, and apply the five essential elements of an enforceable contract. The business is growing, we want to exceed ourRead MoreP4 P5 Contractual terms in a standard form contract 20141355 Words   |  6 PagesContractual terms in a standard form contract and the impact of statutes on these terms P4: Describe the meaning of terms. P5:Explain the effect of terms. Task Using the Vodafone contract prepare a briefing sheet describing how statutes affect contractual terms. ï  ½ You should include the following: ï  ½ A description of express terms ï  ½ A description of implied terms ï  ½ Identify and describe the statutes and regulations affecting contractual terms ï  ½ ï  ½ (Remember to illustrate your answer with examplesRead MoreRisk Lawsuits, A Poor Reputation, And Could Face Criminal And / Or Civil Penalties1139 Words   |  5 Pagescompany should be informed of the business laws that pertain to them and have the knowledge of how they can affect them. The owner of the business should not be the only one that is familiar with the laws and the depth of them. The employees should have the knowledge of the laws because they can protect and affect them in many different ways. Business owners should protect themselves and their company by being conscious of the laws and abiding by them as well. Contracts are one of the most importantRead MoreElectronic Codes And Its Effect On A Small Business Entity1659 Words   |  7 Pagesnew employees. ACME Fireworks should expand to a larger business entity because expanding to a larger business entity will allow the company to negotiate larger contracts with other companies, and the company will never reach its full potential until it has expanded to a larger business entity. In the paragraphs that follow I will address the issues such as evaluation of the contracts and decide if they will be governed under the common law rules or the Uniform Commercial Codes (UCC). The paper willRead MoreThe Case Against Martin Motors Inc.1584 Words   |  7 Pagescan be used to determine why the David Smith will be successful in the lawsuit against Martin Motors Inc. To begin, In order for a contract to be valid, it must meet the following elements of a contract: Mutual assent, consideration, legal purpose and capacity. First the definition â€Å"Mutual Accent† according to Smith and Roberson’s business law 16th edition (pg 174) â€Å"The parties to a contract must manifest by words or conduct that they have agreed to enter into a contract. The usual method of showing

Apple Inc Marketing Plan - 9306 Words

Apple is involved in the design, development and marketing of personal computers (PC) and related software, peripherals, network solutions, portable digital music players, and associated accessories. The company’s portfolio of offerings comprises Mac computing systems, iPods, iPhones, and servers .The company’s software applications include Mac OS,iLife , iWork, and internet applications like Safari and QuickTime, among others. The company mainly operates in the US. It is head quartered in Cupertino, California and employs 32,000 employees. The blue colour in the below figure depicting the iPhone presence around the world. Figure: 1.1 [pic] Source:†¦show more content†¦In case of a weak |$7.96 billion. | |economy the sales is expected to come down. |Results for the period that ended on Mar. 28 were bolstered by | | |sales of the iPhone, especially overseas, and a | | |better-than-forecast margin performance. Strength in Apples | | |handset and music player businesses offset declines in sales of | | |Macintosh computers. | | |Sales was also affected by the disposable income of the consumers.| | |Like in U.S where disposable income is high consumers never | | |reluctant to pay 800 USD to buy a iPhone but in places like India | | |where disposable income is low were reluctant to pay 750 USD , so | | |sales were not so great in India. |Show MoreRelatedApple Inc. Marketing Plan1502 Words   |  7 Pages Apple Inc. Marketing Plan Executive Summary Apple Inc., which was formally known as Apple Computer Inc., is a multinational corporation that designs, develops and sells a wide variety of consumer electronics, personal computers, and computer software. It is located in United States of America California and has its headquarters in Cupertino, California. Among its adequately known hardware, products in the market industry are; iPhone Smartphone, iPad tablet computer, and iPod music player among manyRead MoreMarketing Plan of Apple Inc2585 Words   |  10 PagesMarketing Plan Executive Summary This paper comprehensively describes the marketing plan of a charismatic organization Apple Inc. The main focus of the paper is to describe the most important marketing strategies which Apple has espoused from the date of its emergence and different challenges which it has faced from time to time. The paper begins with an introduction to the organization. Apple Inc. is an American MNC; engaged in the business of developing and marketing of IT products. Apple hasRead MoreMarketing Plan for Apple Inc996 Words   |  4 PagesMarketing Plan for Apple Inc Introduction Apple Inc. designs, manufactures, and sells personal computers, computer accessories and computer related software. The company also offers peripherals, networking solutions and other related services. Additionally, Apple computers designs, builds, and markets a wide array of portable digital music players, telecommunication devices alongside related accessories and services (Cameron Quinn 2011, p 288). Apple Inc owes its recent successRead MoreMarketing Plan For Apple Inc1619 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary This marketing plan focuses on the iPhone 7, produced by Apple, Inc, #3. Apple, Inc was founded in 1976 by innovators Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniack, and Ronald Wayne. It was originally named Apple Computer, Inc as the original intent was to make personal computers. The current name, Apple Inc was incorporated in 2007 as the company moved more toward personal electronics. The current CEO is Tim Cook. Mr. Cook took over Apple, Inc. after Steve Jobs passed away. According to Apple’sRead MoreMarketing Plan For Apple Inc.2507 Words   |  11 PagesStudents’ average monthly expenditure on their essentials is 65% of their monthly income (Mintel, 2014). In these few years, there has been a rise of national companies giving student discounts and offers for their products or services. For example, Apple Inc. offers student discounts for their gadgets. Student Beans Ltd. is a website that features discount codes and special offers from United Kingdom’s top companies. In addition, it is only available for students. In 2005, James and Mike Eder in BirminghamRead MoreMarketing Plan For Apple Inc. Essay2126 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Founded in 1976, Apple Inc. has been largely successful and has experienced incredible expansion in its history. Starting with the production of the PC in the 70s, Apple became the most valuable company in the world in 2012. Apple Inc. went through extensive renovation, after the company introduced IPod with its ITunes Store that served like a digital marketplace and offered consumers access to musical collections at reasonable prices. In addition, Apple introduced IPhone with its AppRead Morenone Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Marketing Mix Marketing mix is when the right product is put in the right place, at the right time, and at the right price. When an organization or company creates a product that attracts individuals and put it on sale or offer it to individuals it should may be place at a price in which it matches the value of the product and is worth what the consumers or individuals get out of it. The 4 Ps of marketing and the marketing mix are sometimes used as synonyms for one another because they are closeRead MoreContingency Plan1552 Words   |  7 PagesControls, and Contingency Plan Tonya Starks STR/581 December 8, 2014 Instructor: Braford James Abstract Apple Inc. is a global innovator of the MacBook, tablets, iPhones, iPods, and other innovative products. Apple is the leader in the electronic market sector for innovative product growth and development. The implementation plan will explain the strategic controls and contingency plan for the organization along with an implementation process. This will allow Apple to assess risks and financialRead MoreApple Inc. and Product (Red) Marketing Partnership Report Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing Report - The Marketing Mix Introduction Apple Inc. is an American global organisation that designs and sells consumer electronics, computer software and personal computers. Examples of Apple Inc.s products include the iMac, iPod, the OS X operating system, and the iTunes media browser. (RED) is an AIDS charity whos aim is to raise awareness and funding to help eliminate AIDS in Africa. To help achieve their aim Product (RED) was introduced, which is a brand licensed to partner companiesRe ad MoreApple Inc. Implementation Plan1615 Words   |  6 PagesApple Inc. is a leading worldwide retailer of computers, tablets, cell telephones, and other entertainment items. Apple needs new development techniques, product development and a leader in the mobile market. The implementation plan below will show the group of action best suited for the corporation along with the implementation process, assessed risks and financial projections used as the basis for moving the business before. Implementation Plan Apple Inc. is in a transition period, after

Consumer Adoption of Mobile Payments †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Consumer Adoption of Mobile Payments. Answer: Introduction: Cashless payment through mobile does not mean a complete ending of physical mode of payment. However, it rather means a reduction in the physical mode of payment. Singapore is a highly active country when it comes to technology and innovation; however, it has somehow not shown the thirst which was required for considering the adoption of mobile payment[1]. On the other hand, China is a leading country in terms of using the cashless payment[2]. Interestingly, other developing nations such as Nigeria have shown their interest in the cashless payment[3]. The main purpose of this assignment is to analyze the opportunities and the challenges, which are there in the cashless payment system. The literature review tries to show the prospect of cashless payment in Singapore. There are some reasons, which have discouraged the country from going cashless. Some of the reasons that might be the causes behind a slow approach towards a cashless payment are as follows[4]: Limited trust on the electronic devices that facilitates cashless payment Absence of a regulatory framework, which could enhance the payment security and could innovate various things to make it more secured user-friendly Absence of systems that are partially interoperable One of the causes that have thus far prevented Singapore from going cashless is the fear to use the service[5]. Customers have fear in them about the payment security. They rely much on the traditional format of payment such as by credit card. The reason is very well supported in a chosen article "Dynamics between the trust transfer process and intention to use mobile payment services: A cross-environment perspective." The article has found two variables such as initial trust and perception of risk in customers, which influence their behavior towards the mobile payment. If they have initially developed trust for the cashless system, they will think of taking the advantages of the cashless system. Additionally, if they have sensed risk in the cashless method they will certainly keep themselves away from the system[6]. The facts that are preventing Singapore from going cashless can also be understood from the example of Nigeria, which is a cash-based economy. The country has prospects for the cashless system, which is also evident in the recent steps of the Central Bank of Nigeria. The Central Bank of Nigeria has implemented the cashless system as they have realized the urgency to balance the rising demand. However, it is still challenging in the country because of following reasons[7]: Lack of acquaintance with the benefits of cashless payment system Associated risks[8] Insufficient trained personnel in major organizations Tendency to be reliant with the existing system People may have resistive nature in them to the new payment method The similar facts can also be supported from the example of cashless system in India. The government has shown their utter interest towards a cashless economy; however, challenges are many too. The country has a very large population of it living in villages in the different states. They have their tendency to remain addicted with the traditional system of cash payment, which according to them is more secured. They have their perception to be resistive towards any innovative system. The fear to move into a new system of any domain has created enough doubts for the success of cashless system in the country[9]. Influencing factors for the adoption of cashless payments- The biggest influencing factor for a cashless payment in Singapore can be its prospects, which it has already delivered to other countries such as China[10]. In China, customers have shown their utter trust on the cashless system. It has been observed from the success of mobile payment in China that the platform should offer something different to what has already been offered by other modes of payment like credit card. Customers will not like going through the same interface as they get during the payment through credit or debit cards. They will rather want a different interface, which could excite their interest level. Indeed, the stakeholders are required to integrate with the existing value chain but need to offer a distinct platform[11]. It has further been observed that there is a need to build up an ecosystem where a co-operative operation will exist[12]. This can be understood from the example of Alipay in China, which has provided an environment where key organizations can come across and initiate the business of partnership to facilitate the success of cashless system in the country. The similar thing has happened in the country as there has been a phenomenal relationship in between the banks and the Alipay. Alipay is a renowned name in the country. It has a large base of followers in the country. It has already operated with a success in the e-payment mode. The status of such kind has helped Alipay to successfully migrate into the mobile payment. Nevertheless, the success has also conveyed a message that there can be the creation of a real trust for mobile payment if the country has online giant like Alipay[13]. It has also been believed that to have an effective development of the national economy, an efficient payment system is immensely required[14]. Payment system is like other infrastructure such as telecommunications, transportation infrastructure and electrical power. It needs to be taken under a continuous development program in order to give it the most secured way. Interestingly, some research works have shown that an increase of 10% in the local payment system contributes in an increment of 1% in the GDP per capita[15]. An efficient payment system will depend to a least degree on the cash system of transaction and henceforth will provide the following benefits[16]: This will increase the velocity of money, which is very important for promoting an economic growth This will reduce the volume of cash that have been kept outside the bank This will bring flexibility in the banking operation and will enable them to offer the most attractive rates to the deprived sectors of the economy This will also reduce the corruption This will also reduce the overall bank charges Benefits from Singapore going cashless The cashless system if it gets implemented in Singapore, this will benefit the country in many ways. This will not only benefit the common public but the public and the private companies will also get benefitted. Following are the list of bodies that will be benefitted from Singapore going cashless: The private and public companies will be free from manual works of reconciling the cash amounts. This is because there will be a reduced flow of cash amounts. The transaction will be significantly replaced by the cashless payment. Surprisingly, the local government has to spend a huge amount of money to secure the cash amounts[17]. In Ireland for example, it costs around 1.4% of the entire Gross National Product in protecting and administrating the cash and cheques both during and after the production[18]. In Singapore, it costs around s$1.50 for the processing of each cheque. Going cashless would simply reduce such expenditures. These are the few ways in which the private and the public companies in Singapore are going to be benefited from Singapore becoming a cashless nation[19]. The implementation of cashless payment in Singapore will provide relief to the legal proceedings. There is always a threat of cash money being looted during a trip to somewhere. This can even happen even under tight security[20]. The implementation of cashless payment will therefore mean a reduction in cash payments. This will further mean that more and more transaction will then be done electronically. Consequently, there will be a reduction in the crime rates. Henceforth, this will be a relieving move for the local police. They will then get reduced numbers of money theft cases. In 2014, a study was conducted in Missouri in the United States on the crime cases after the implementation of electronic transfer system. The study had then found a reduction of 10% in the burglary and assault cases[21]. In Singapore, there will be no such requirement for the hawkers, consumers and the businessman to carry loads of cash amounts. Therefore, the chances of robbery will be reduced. However, the electronic payment is also not entirely secured. There are scammers who do fraudulent activities to theft the money online. In such situations, cyber security measures will be required to impose to protect such fraudulent practices[22]. However, this is understandable that in such cases things will be much controlled because it will just require a cyber security system to be installed. Along with that, this will also require a continuous monitoring from the experts to check whether there is any hacking process on the system[23]. Electronic payments will provide an improved data on the public activities. This will help in identifying the commercial activity. This will also help in improving the urban planning for transportation, housing and energy management as it is confirmed by a research from MasterCard found[24]. Approximately 66% percent of the workers in Singapore receive their payment made through electronic modes. However, many foreign workers those who are working in the marine and the construction sectors still prefer to be paid in cash. If they also transferred to an electronic mode of payment, this will help the country get important data on those workers[25]. Learning from countries having successful take-up rates in cashless payments- China in particular has been benefitted by the mobile payment. The implementation of the mobile payment is because of their reform strategy, which they had earlier started in the year 1978. The mentioned reform strategy did encourage the country to switch over to an open economy. Such a move had flourished many much successes in the past. It continued to do the same. This time the country has shown potentials by going cashless. The climbing progress in technology such as the 3G the 4G network and the incrementing usage of mobile phones have collectively encouraged the initiation of mobile payment in China[26]. The payment system is very secured, fast and reliable. The majority of people who use internet in China prefer shopping through online platform. There are various online platforms in the country such as Alipay, Tenpay, Union Pay, YeePay, China PnR and others. Alipay in particular has further the success of mobile payment in the country. The system has provided a more secured p latform to the Chinese people. This is also believed that payment through mobile is never safe. In such situations, it is really difficult to trust on such platforms. However, Alipay provides the safest platform for online transactions. It does so through two kinds of services such as escrow that helps in absolute safety during the transaction and the flexible payment options that allow freedom to select the payment options. The technical advancement of Alipay has furthered the success of cashless payment in China[27]. Cashless payment system was implemented in developing countries like Nigeria. It was done to fulfill the vision, which states that Nigeria want to be within the top 20 countries by 2020. Consequently, it was believed that cashless system is necessary to be an efficient player of economy. However, the different stakeholders are confused. They are divided on the issues, which are probable with the cashless system. It is therefore necessary that the commercial banks and the other stakeholders take a collaborative step towards the cashless payment. However, they have indeed realized the importance of cashless system for the betterment of existing economy in the country. The thought process in the country might help it succeed in progressing with the cashless payment system[28]. Despite the challenges in the country, it is poised to get the benefits of cashless payment system. They have felt the necessity of cashless system in fulfilling the vision 2020. They have realized that in order t o be one of 20 top economic countries by 2020, it is imperative to adopt the cashless system. There are requirements to resolve the issues such as money laundering, inflation, tax evasion, efficiency in financial statement reporting and poor payment balance. Indeed, cashless system can effectively help in controlling the highlighted issues[29]. The above literature review can be summarized into few findings. It can be summarized into little strength such as the cashless payment system has the potentials to resolve critical issues like money laundering, tax evasion, inflation and inefficient handling of financial statement reporting. However, the expected benefits may cause some adverse reactions as well. The cashless payment system is also not very secured. Fraudsters can act smart and hack the system to get an access to the payment option. It is rather a challenging situation because there will be no clue of where the money has gone. Despite the challenges it has been viewed as a potential option to further the economy of the respective country. China has already been benefitted largely because of the internet use in the country and the success of Alipay. Further research may come from the following areas: Hacking cases during the cash transaction through online Rate of reduction in the identifies issues such as money laundering Change in economy after implementing the cashless payment system in Singapore Bibliography Achor, Princewell N., and Anuforo Robert. "Shifting policy paradigm from cash-based economy to cashless economy: The Nigeria experience."Afro-Asian Journal of Social Sciences4, no. 4 (2013). Aluko, Ayodeji, and Mahmood Bagheri. "The impact of money laundering on economic and financial stability and on political development in developing countries: The case of Nigeria."Journal of Money Laundering Control15, no. 4 (2012): 442-457. Emengini, Steve Emeka. "Cashless economy and financial statement reporting in Nigeria."European Journal of Accounting Auditing and Finance Research2, no. 3 (2014): 1-9. challenge.gov.sg. 2017.Challenge.Gov.Sg. https://www.challenge.gov.sg/print/cover-story/the-benefits-of-going-cashless. Chavan, Jayshree. "Internet banking-Benefits and challenges in an emerging economy."International Journal of Research in Business Management1, no. 1 (2013): 19-26. "Going Cashless In Singapore Challenging But Not Impossible". 2017.The New Paper. https://www.tnp.sg/news/singapore/going-cashless-singapore-challenging-not-impossible. Guo, Jie, Jie Guo, Harry Bouwman, and Harry Bouwman. "An ecosystem view on third party mobile payment providers: a case study of Alipay wallet."info18, no. 5 (2016): 56-78. Hedman, Jonas, and Stefan Henningsson. "The new normal: Market cooperation in the mobile payments ecosystem."Electronic Commerce Research and Applications14, no. 5 (2015): 305-318. Jumoke, Soyemi, Soyemi Babajide Olugbenga, and Hammed Mudasiru. "Nigeria Cashless Culture: The Open Issues."Int. j. eng. sci4, no. 4 (2015): 51-56. Kajdi, Lszl. "A Western Diet with Chinese SpicesThe Specificities of Payments in China."Financial and Economic Review16, no. Sepcial Issue (2017): 140-169. Kshetri, Nir. "Cybercrime and cyber-security issues associated with China: some economic and institutional considerations."Electronic Commerce Research13, no. 1 (2013): 41-69. Liu, Rongbing. "The Role of Alipay in China."Nijmegen. Radboud University(2015). Lu, Yaobin, Shuiqing Yang, Patrick YK Chau, and Yuzhi Cao. "Dynamics between the trust transfer process and intention to use mobile payment services: A cross-environment perspective."Information Management48, no. 8 (2011): 393-403. Nordio, Margherita. "Underground banking and money laundering: focus on China." (2016). Odior, Ernest Simeon, and Fadiya Bamidele Banuso. "Cashless banking in Nigeria: Challenges, benefits and policy implications."European Scientific Journal, ESJ8, no. 12 (2012). Oladejo, Morufu, and Taibat Akanbi. "Bankers perceptions of electronic banking in Nigeria: A review of post consolidation experience."Research Journal of Finance and Accounting3, no. 2 (2012): 1-11. Oliveira, Tiago, Manoj Thomas, Goncalo Baptista, and Filipe Campos. "Mobile payment: Understanding the determinants of customer adoption and intention to recommend the technology."Computers in Human Behavior61 (2016): 404-414. Prakasam, Silvester. "Evolution of E-payments in Public TransportSingapores Experience."JOURNEYS3 (2009): 53-61. Reaves, Bradley, Nolen Scaife, Adam M. Bates, Patrick Traynor, and Kevin RB Butler. "Mo (bile) Money, Mo (bile) Problems: Analysis of Branchless Banking Applications in the Developing World." InUSENIX Security Symposium, pp. 17-32. 2015. Richet, Jean-Loup. "Laundering Money Online: a review of cybercriminals methods."arXiv preprint arXiv:1310.2368(2013). Schneider, A., and C. M. Mertes. "Expansion and growth in Chinese cities, 19782010."Environmental Research Letters9, no. 2 (2014): 024008. The New Paper. (2017).Going cashless in Singapore challenging but not impossible. [online] Available at: https://www.tnp.sg/news/singapore/going-cashless-singapore-challenging-not-impossible [Accessed 6 Nov. 2017]. Warke, Prashant S., and Prajakta R. Patil. "An Empirical Study on Challenges Opportunities in Indian Economy towards Cashless Enigma."International Journal of Advanced Electronics and Communication Systems6, no. 6 (2017). Yang, Shuiqing, Yaobin Lu, Sumeet Gupta, Yuzhi Cao, and Rui Zhang. "Mobile payment services adoption across time: An empirical study of the effects of behavioral beliefs, social influences, and personal traits."Computers in Human Behavior28, no. 1 (2012): 129-142. Yaqub, J. O., H. T. Bello, I. A. Adenuga, and M. O. Ogundeji. "The cashless policy in Nigeria: prospects and challenges."International Journal of Humanities and Social Science3, no. 3 (2013): 200-212. Zhong, Junying, Amandeep Dhir, Marko Nieminen, Matti Hmlinen, and Juha Laine. "Exploring consumer adoption of mobile payments in China." InProceedings of International Conference on Making Sense of Converging Media, p. 318. ACM, 2013.